M., “A Light Flapping Micro-Aerial-Vehicle Using Electrical Discharge Wire Cutting Technique,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. K., “Flapping Wings with PVDF Sensors to Modify the Aerodynamic Forces of a Micro Aerial Vehicle,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, Vol. A., “Aerodynamics of Flapping-Wing Propulsors,” Progress in Aerospace Sciences, Vol. F., “Bio-Inspired Design of Flapping-Wing Micro Aerial Vehicles,” Aeronautical Journal, Vol.
and De Breuker, R., “Post-Buckled Precompressed (PBP) Elements: A New Class of Flight Control Actuators Enhancing High-Speed Autonomous VTOL MAVs,” Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. Barrett, R., McMurtry, R., Vos, R., Tiso, P., De Breuker, R., Barrett, R., McMurtry, R., Vos, R., Tiso, P.M., “Titanium-Alloy MEMS Wing Technology for a Micro Aerial Vehicle Application,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, Vol. M., “Remote Radio Control of Insect Flight,” Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, Vol. and Voldman, J., “Remote Control of a Cyborg Moth Using CNT-Enhanced Flexible Neuroprosthetic Probe,” Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Conference on MEMS, Hong Kong, pp. Tsang, W., Stone, A., Aldworth, Z., Otten, D., Akinwande, A., Daniel, T., Hildebrand, J., Levine, R.and Wang Y., “Flapping Motion Measurement of Honeybee Bilateral Wings Using Four Virtual Structured-Light Sensors,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, Vol. R., “Bat Flight Generates Complex Aerodynamic Tracks,” Science, Vol.
and Shimoyama, I., “Measurement of Differential Pressure on a Butterfly Wing,” Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Conference on MEMS, Hong Kong, pp. J., “MEMS Capacitive Force Sensors for Cellular and Flight Biomechanics,” Biomedical Materials, Vol. R., “Unconventional Lift-Generating Mechanisms in Free-Flying Butterflies,” Nature, Vol. P., “Wing Rotation and the Aerodynamic Basis of Insect Flight,” Science, Vol. P., “The Aerodynamics of Insect Flight,” The Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. Keywords: Figure-of-8, Micro-Air-Vehicle (MAV), Flexible Wing, Simple Flapping, Four-Bar Linkage, Symmetry Breaking Some remaining technical issues or future works of the figure-of-8 flapping were summarized finally. The flexible MAVs exhibited the peculiar figure-of-8 away from the conventional domain of MAVs by the perspective of scaling laws. How the rigidity of the flexible wing frame influences the flapping appearance was also addressed qualitatively. The bifurcation (duality) phenomenon of the oblique figure-of-8 was shown. This figure-of-8 was done by the aero-elastic interactive nature as well as the symmetry-breaking of a simple flapping system. The time-averaged lift, thrust coefficients and the structure aging of MAVs have been investigated to mention the corresponding influence. Via high speed photography, the author has ever found the wing-tip trajectory as an oblique figure-of-8 which composes the original up-and-down flapping and the induced coherent streamwise vibration while the wingbeat frequency being about 10-25 Hz. Augmented by the precision injection molding (PIM) manufacture, the almost polymer-made MAV with the modified driving mechanism increases the flight endurance up to 480 s in 2010. The constructed flapping MAV Golden Snitch with a smallest body mass of 5.9 g created a successful 107 s flight record with a four-bar linkage driving mechanism in 2008.
Relaxing from the conventional regarding of the rigid flapping mechanism, in this review paper the author introduced flexible wing frames for micro-air-vehicles (MAVs) with the wing span of 20 cm at Tamkang University.
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